JEWS, WAR, AND THE MILITARY

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=110 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="039f0f21egerdp.jpg"> <div> <B>JEWS, WAR, AND THE MILITARY</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>..</B></div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=210 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="038f2f02egerdp.jpg"> <div> <A HREF="lecture_teaching.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Lecture/Teaching Topics for Adults"><U><B>Lecture/Teaching Topics for Adults</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id65.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Teenager Education Topics "><U><B>Teenager Education Topics</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id26.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="IMMIGRATION AND ACCULTURATION"><U><B>Immigration and Acculturation</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id35.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="COMING HERE: The Poetry of JewishAmerica"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Coming Here</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id38.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="JEWS AND THE CITIES: Out of the Ghetto,"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Jews and the Cities</B></U></A><B>y</B></div> <div> <A HREF="id37.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="BETWEEN GENERATIONS: New Families in New"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Between Generations</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id40.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="EMMA LAZARUS (18491887): Writing As a Je"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Emma Lazarus</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id41.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="SYNAGOGUE, CHURCH, AND UNIVERSITY: Assi"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Synagogue, Church and University</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id42.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="JEWISHAMERICAN AND ANGLOJEWISH POETRY IN"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Jewish-American and Anglo-Jewish Poetry in Context</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id99.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="IMMIGRATION: Jewish Womens Poetry"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Jewish Women's Poetry</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id15.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Contact JEWISH VOICES"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Contact JEWISH VOICES</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Jewish Voices 200 Years of Jewish Poetry"><U><B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Wing0a73007700f099000000.gif" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Home</B></U></A></div> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" height=370 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="03bf0f03.jpg"> <div> <I><B>     </B></I><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#990033" FACE="Arial" ><I><B> Jews, War and the Military</B></I></FONT></div> <bR> <div>     If the ancient Hebrews thought they had a divine sanction to kill their enemies, the attitudes of modern Jews towards war and military service have been more ambiguous.  Exposed to the bigoted charges of treason or cowardice, fighting against other Jews in enemy armies, Jewish men---also fighting for masculinity and self-respect---have written discomfiting poems about assimilation, exclusion, and the risks of taking a pacifist position.  </div> <div>     Jewish women, automatically sidelined, have sought to reclaim the role of Deborah, the judge-as-warrior, making self-scrutinizing poems about Israelite / Zionist triumph; they have also used, as in Emma Lazarus, the image of Bar Kokhba and the Maccabean revolt as a rallying symbol for Jewish manhood.   </div> <bR> <div> Readings from<I><B> Emma</B></I><B> </B><I><B>Lazarus, Charles Bernstein, Isaac Rosenberg, Nina Salaman, Alter Brody, Louis Untermeyer, Emanuel Litvinoff, Karl Shapiro, and Harvey Shapiro, </B></I>others. </div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>